measure
a c d e f
measure
a c d e f
measure
a c d e f
measure
a c d e f
crescendo up in first measure
starts with "p" at 1st unit
finishes with "f" at 5th unit
diminuendo down in second measure
starts with "f" at 1st unit
finishes with "p" at 5th unit
crescendo above stave in third measure
starts with "p" at 1st unit
finishes with "f" at 5th unit
diminuendo below stave in fourth measure
starts with "f" at 1st unit
finishes with "p" at 5th unit
comment: "you can use key words `cres` and `dim`"